Base64 is a binary-to-text encoding scheme that represents binary data in an ASCII string format. It converts binary data into a text representation using 64 different ASCII characters (A-Z, a-z, 0-9, +, /). This encoding is essential when you need to transmit or store binary data through systems that are designed to handle only text.
Our free Base64 encoder/decoder tool allows you to encode any text or data into Base64 format, or decode Base64 strings back to their original form. All processing happens in your browser, ensuring complete privacy and security of your data.
Base64 encoding is a fundamental technique in web development and data transmission. Understanding how it works and when to use it is essential for modern developers and IT professionals.
Base64 encoding converts every 3 bytes (24 bits) of binary data into 4 ASCII characters from a set of 64 different characters (A-Z, a-z, 0-9, +, /). The encoding process works by:
This process increases the data size by approximately 33%, but ensures the data can be safely transmitted through text-only systems.
Uppercase: A-Z (26 characters)
Lowercase: a-z (26 characters)
Numbers: 0-9 (10 characters)
Special: + and / (2 characters)
Padding: = (used when input length isn't divisible by 3)
Base64 encoding is defined in RFC 4648 and is widely supported across all programming languages and platforms. The encoding is reversible, meaning you can always decode a Base64 string back to its original binary data without any loss of information.
When encoding data that isn't a multiple of 3 bytes, padding is added using the '=' character. One '=' indicates 2 bytes of padding, while '==' indicates 1 byte of padding. This ensures the encoded string length is always a multiple of 4.